Chapter 3: Metaphorical Systematicity: Highlighting and Hiding. Highlighting certain points ends up hiding others in the process. This took on a quite literal form in my reading, seeing as my copy of Metaphors We Live By is a used copy, and the person who owned it before me took the liberty of highlighting ever semi-maybe-important point in the book, it became rather difficult to focus on any text that was not bright orange.
“Please sit in the apple juice seat.”
Chapter 4: Orientational Metaphors: which according to the spell checker on Microsoft Word, is not in fact a word at all. NOT IMPORTANT- This chapter dealt with sayings or metaphors that used directional or location descriptive words to describe either emotions or objects that do not actually use directions. This is also where the reader is introduced to the concept of physical, cultural, and social experiences and their effect on the use of metaphors.
“In actuality we feel that no metaphor can ever be comprehended or even adequately represented independently of its experiental (also not a word to Microsoft) basis”.
Chapter 5: Metaphor and Cultural Coherence: a chapter that the previous owner of my book apparently did not find anything vitally important, for there is no highlighting. This chapter explains that a culture’s values and belief system will actually affect the wording of metaphors that are used every day.
“We are not claiming that all cultural values coherent with a metaphorical system actually exist, only those that do exist are deeply entrenched are consistent with the metaphorical system.”
Excuse me sir. Could you repeat that please?
Chapter 6: Ontological Metaphors: A giant category of metaphors that includes everything from references to the mind as an entity. It also involves some ridiculous example sentences. I had many flashbacks to the ISATs in like 7th grade where the sample questions that you are given to show you how to fill in the test form make no sense and are utterly ridiculous topic wise. But that is neither here nor there. This chapter also contains a section on explaining the visual field as a container.
“Pete Rose has a lot of hustle and baseball know-how.”ß--ridiculous sentence, who thought “oh well this will work, this is a common thing people say. Right?”
Chapter 7: Personification: Non-humans receiving human attributes.
“Life has cheated on me.”
Chapter 8: Metonymy: I don’t understand this, to be totally honest. Every time I think I get it, they throw another example my way that throws me off.
“Remember the Alamo!”
Chapter 9: Changes to Metaphorical Coherence: contradictions to the 8 chapters of basics that you have read already. Includes “life as a journey” and “time as a moving object”.
“There are languages- Huasa, for instance- where the rock would receive the reverse orientation and you would say that the ball was behind the rock if it was between you and the rock”
Oh. Right. Naturally.
Chapter 10: Some further examples: Ahh yes, I for one sure wished there were more metaphors than 9 chapters, and my prayers were answered! This includes “theories are buildings” “ideas are food” “ ideas are people” “ideas are products” and much much more, just in case one has not had their fill of knowledge (WHOA) yet.
“He is known for his many rapid conquests.”
Chapter 11: The Partial Nature of Metaphorical Structuring: we take two completely separate things or ideas and relate them through structure or their foundation.
“They are alive in the most fundamental sense: they are metaphors we live by.”
Chapter 12: How is our Conceptual System Grounded?: Physical action.
“Harry is in the kitchen. Harry is in the Elks. Harry is in love.”
Good for Harry.
Examples:
I don’t get it.
I don’t feel like I wasted an hour.
Then she crashed. (caffeine high)
He’s a bottomless pit.
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